");vwo_$('head').append(_vwo_sel);return vwo_$('head')[0] && vwo_$('head')[0].lastChild;})("HEAD")}}, R_858102_13_1_2_0:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) { if(!vwo_$.fn.vwoRevertHtml){ return; }; var ctx=vwo_$(x),el; /*vwo_debug log("Revert","content",""); vwo_debug*/; el=vwo_$('[vwo-element-id="1733230719305"]'); el.revertContentOp().remove();})("HEAD")}}, C_858102_13_1_2_1:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {var el,ctx=vwo_$(x); /*vwo_debug log("addElement","#navigation_bar > div:nth-of-type(1)"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$("html.vwo_p_s_532c28d5412dd75bf975fb951c740a30 #navigation_bar > div:nth-of-type(1)")).each((function(t,n){var o=vwo_$(n);!o.parent().find('[vwo-op-1733230632054=""]').length&&o.vwoElement({position:"before",html:'APPLY NOW'})}));})("#navigation_bar")}}},rules:[{"tags":[{"id":"metric","metricId":0,"data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"c":9,"g":6}]}}],"triggers":["5425714"]},{"tags":[{"data":"campaigns.28","id":"runCampaign","priority":4}],"triggers":["7143898"]},{"tags":[{"id":"metric","metricId":0,"data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"c":13,"g":1}]}}],"triggers":["9877705"]},{"tags":[{"id":"metric","metricId":578149,"data":{"type":"m","campaigns":[{"c":28,"g":1}]}}],"triggers":["6199355"]},{"tags":[{"data":"campaigns.15","id":"runCampaign","priority":4}],"triggers":["5835134"]},{"tags":[{"id":"metric","metricId":0,"data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"c":13,"g":2}]}}],"triggers":["9877708"]},{"tags":[{"id":"metric","metricId":0,"data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"c":15,"g":11}]}}],"triggers":["6221831"]},{"tags":[{"data":"campaigns.13","id":"runCampaign","priority":4}],"triggers":["9874537"]},{"tags":[{"data":"campaigns.11","id":"runCampaign","priority":4}],"triggers":["5425852"]},{"tags":[{"data":"campaigns.9","id":"runCampaign","priority":4}],"triggers":["5425711"]},{"tags":[{"data":"campaigns.16","id":"runCampaign","priority":4}],"triggers":["6336202"]},{"tags":[{"id":"metric","metricId":0,"data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"c":11,"g":8}]}}],"triggers":["5425855"]},{"tags":[{"id":"visibilityService","priority":2}],"triggers":["9"]},{"tags":[{"id":"runTestCampaign"}],"triggers":["2"]},{"tags":[{"id":"urlChange"}],"triggers":["75"]},{"tags":[{"id":"checkEnvironment"}],"triggers":["5"]},{"tags":[{"id":"prePostMutation","priority":3},{"priority":2,"id":"groupCampaigns"}],"triggers":["8"]}],pages:{"ec":[{"1283629":{"inc":["o",["pg","eq","112648"]]}},{"1128701":{"inc":["o",["url","urlReg","(?i).*"]]}},{"1729492":{"exc":["o",["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?study\\-online\\.sussex\\.ac\\.uk\\\/online\\-courses.*$"],["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?study\\-online\\.sussex\\.ac\\.uk\\\/cmp.*$"],["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?study\\-online\\.sussex\\.ac\\.uk\\\/contact\\\/?(?:[\\?#].*)?$"]],"inc":["o",["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?study\\-online\\.sussex\\.ac\\.uk.*$"]]}}],"pc":[{"112648":{"inc":["o",["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?study\\-online\\.sussex\\.ac\\.uk.*$"]]}}]},pagesEval:{"ec":[1283629,1128701,1729492],"pc":[112648]}}})(); ;;var commonWrapper=function(argument){if(!argument){argument={valuesGetter:function(){return{}},valuesSetter:function(){},verifyData:function(){return{}}}}var pollInterval=100;var timeout=6e4;return function(){var accountIntegrationSettings={};var _interval=null;function waitForAnalyticsVariables(){try{accountIntegrationSettings=argument.valuesGetter()}catch(error){accountIntegrationSettings=undefined}if(accountIntegrationSettings&&argument.verifyData(accountIntegrationSettings)){argument.valuesSetter(accountIntegrationSettings);return 1}return 0}var currentTime=0;_interval=setInterval((function(){currentTime=currentTime||performance.now();var result=waitForAnalyticsVariables();if(result||performance.now()-currentTime>=timeout){clearInterval(_interval)}}),pollInterval)}}; commonWrapper({valuesGetter:function(){return {"ga4s":0}},valuesSetter:function(data){var singleCall=data["ga4s"]||0;if(singleCall){window.sessionStorage.setItem("vwo-ga4-singlecall",true)}var ga4_device_id="";if(typeof window.VWO._.cookies!=="undefined"){ga4_device_id=window.VWO._.cookies.get("_ga")||""}if(ga4_device_id){window.vwo_ga4_uuid=ga4_device_id.split(".").slice(-2).join(".")}},verifyData:function(data){if(typeof window.VWO._.cookies!=="undefined"){return window.VWO._.cookies.get("_ga")||""}else{return false}}})(); var pushBasedCommonWrapper=function(argument){var firedCamp={};if(!argument){argument={integrationName:"",getExperimentList:function(){},accountSettings:function(){},pushData:function(){}}}return function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];var sendDebugLogs=function(expId,variationId,errorType,user_type,data){try{var errorPayload={f:argument["integrationName"]||"",a:window._vwo_acc_id,url:window.location.href,exp:expId,v:variationId,vwo_uuid:window.VWO._&&window.VWO._.cookies&&window.VWO._.cookies.get("_vwo_uuid"),user_type:user_type};if(errorType=="initIntegrationCallback"){errorPayload["log_type"]="initIntegrationCallback";errorPayload["data"]=JSON.stringify(data||"")}else if(errorType=="timeout"){errorPayload["timeout"]=true}if(window.VWO._.customError){window.VWO._.customError({msg:"integration debug",url:window.location.href,lineno:"",colno:"",source:JSON.stringify(errorPayload)})}}catch(e){window.VWO._.customError&&window.VWO._.customError({msg:"integration debug failed",url:"",lineno:"",colno:"",source:""})}};const callbackFn=function(data){if(window._vwo_acc_id===958122||window._vwo_acc_id===900503){sendDebugLogs(0,0,"initIntegrationCallback","",data)}if(!data)return;var expId=data[1],variationId=data[2],repeated=data[0],singleCall=0,debug=0;var experimentList=argument.getExperimentList();var integrationName=argument["integrationName"]||"vwo";if(typeof argument.accountSettings==="function"){var accountSettings=argument.accountSettings();if(accountSettings){singleCall=accountSettings["singleCall"];debug=accountSettings["debug"]}}if(singleCall&&(repeated==="vS"||repeated==="vSS")||firedCamp[expId]){return}window.expList=window.expList||{};var expList=window.expList[integrationName]=window.expList[integrationName]||[];if(expId&&variationId&&["VISUAL_AB","VISUAL","SPLIT_URL"].indexOf(_vwo_exp[expId].type)>-1){if(experimentList.indexOf(+expId)!==-1){firedCamp[expId]=variationId;var pollInterval=100;var currentTime=0;var timeout=6e4;var user_type=_vwo_exp[expId].exec?"vwo-retry":"vwo-new";var interval=setInterval((function(){if(expList.indexOf(expId)!==-1){clearInterval(interval);return}currentTime=currentTime||performance.now();var toClearInterval=argument.pushData(expId,variationId);if(debug&&toClearInterval){sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"",user_type)}var isTimeout=performance.now()-currentTime>=timeout;if(isTimeout&&debug){sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"timeout",user_type)}if(toClearInterval||isTimeout){clearInterval(interval)}if(toClearInterval){window.expList[integrationName].push(expId)}}),pollInterval||100)}}};window.VWO.push(["onVariationApplied",callbackFn]);window.VWO.push(["onVariationShownSent",callbackFn])}}; var surveyDataCommonWrapper=function(argument){if(!argument){argument={getCampaignList:function(){return[]},surveyStatusChange:function(){},answerSubmitted:function(){}}}return function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];function getValuesFromAnswers(answers){var values=[];for(var i=0;i=timeout;if(toClearInterval||isTimeout){clearInterval(interval)}}),pollInterval)}}window.VWO.push(["onSurveyShown",function(data){commonSurveyCallback(data,argument.surveyStatusChange,"surveyShown")}]);window.VWO.push(["onSurveyCompleted",function(data){commonSurveyCallback(data,argument.surveyStatusChange,"surveyCompleted")}]);window.VWO.push(["onSurveyAnswerSubmitted",function(data){commonSurveyCallback(data,argument.answerSubmitted,"surveySubmitted")}])}}; (function(){var VWOOmniTemp={};window.VWOOmni=window.VWOOmni||{};for(var key in VWOOmniTemp)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(VWOOmniTemp,key)&&(window.VWOOmni[key]=VWOOmniTemp[key]);window._vwoIntegrationsLoaded=1;pushBasedCommonWrapper({integrationName:"GA4",getExperimentList:function(){return [28,13]},accountSettings:function(){var accountIntegrationSettings={};if(accountIntegrationSettings["debugType"]=="ga4"&&accountIntegrationSettings["debug"]){accountIntegrationSettings["debug"]=1}else{accountIntegrationSettings["debug"]=0}return accountIntegrationSettings},pushData:function(expId,variationId){var accountIntegrationSettings={};var ga4Setup=accountIntegrationSettings["setupVia"]||"gtag";if(typeof window.gtag!=="undefined"&&ga4Setup=="gtag"){window.gtag("event","VWO",{vwo_campaign_name:window._vwo_exp[expId].name+":"+expId,vwo_variation_name:window._vwo_exp[expId].comb_n[variationId]+":"+variationId});window.gtag("event","experience_impression",{exp_variant_string:"VWO-"+expId+"-"+variationId});return true}return false}})();pushBasedCommonWrapper({integrationName:"GA4-GTM",getExperimentList:function(){return [28,13]},accountSettings:function(){var accountIntegrationSettings={};if(accountIntegrationSettings["debugType"]=="gtm"&&accountIntegrationSettings["debug"]){accountIntegrationSettings["debug"]=1}else{accountIntegrationSettings["debug"]=0}return accountIntegrationSettings},pushData:function(expId,variationId){var accountIntegrationSettings={};var ga4Setup=accountIntegrationSettings["setupVia"]||"gtm";var dataVariable=accountIntegrationSettings["dataVariable"]||"dataLayer";if(typeof window[dataVariable]!=="undefined"&&ga4Setup=="gtm"){window[dataVariable].push({event:"vwo-data-push-ga4",vwo_exp_variant_string:"VWO-"+expId+"-"+variationId});return true}return false}})(); ;})();(function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];var pollInterval=100;var _vis_data={};var intervalObj={};var analyticsTimerObj={};var experimentListObj={};window.VWO.push(["onVariationApplied",function(data){if(!data){return}var expId=data[1],variationId=data[2];if(expId&&variationId&&["VISUAL_AB","VISUAL","SPLIT_URL"].indexOf(window._vwo_exp[expId].type)>-1){}}])})();; ;var vD=VWO.data||{};VWO.data={content:{"fns":{"list":{"vn":1,"args":{"1":{}}}}},as:"r4.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com",dacdnUrl:"https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com",accountJSInfo:{"ts":1736300500,"noSS":false,"pc":{"a":0,"t":0},"url":{},"rp":60}};for(var k in vD){VWO.data[k]=vD[k]};;var gcpfb=function(a,loadFunc,status,err,success){if(a.indexOf("/cdn/")!==-1){loadFunc(a.replace("cdn/",""),err,success); _vwo_err({message:"Google_Cdn failing for " + a + ". Trying Fallback..",code:"cloudcdnerr",status:status}); return true;}};window.VWO=window.VWO || [];window.VWO._= window.VWO._ || {};window.VWO._.gcpfb=gcpfb;;var d={cookie:document.cookie,URL:document.URL,referrer:document.referrer};var w={VWO:{_:{}},location:{href:window.location.href,search:window.location.search},_vwoCc:window._vwoCc};;window._vwo_cdn="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/cdn/";window._VWO=window._VWO||{};window._VWO.fSeg={};window._VWO.dcdnUrl="/dcdn/settings.js";window.VWO.sTs=1736253132;window._VWO._vis_nc_lib=window._vwo_cdn+"edrv/nc-28d149fb22f837837f6aec93e44d7e46br.js";var loadWorker=function(url){_vwo_code.load(url,{dSC: true, onloadCb: function(xhr,a){window._vwo_wt_l=true;if(xhr.status===200 ||xhr.status===304){var code="var window="+JSON.stringify(w)+",document="+JSON.stringify(d)+";window.document=document;"+xhr.responseText;var blob=new Blob([code||"throw new Error('code not found!');"],{type:"application/javascript"}),url=URL.createObjectURL(blob);window.mainThread={webWorker:new Worker(url)};window.vwoChannelFW=new MessageChannel();window.vwoChannelToW=new MessageChannel();window.mainThread.webWorker.postMessage({vwoChannelToW:vwoChannelToW.port1,vwoChannelFW:vwoChannelFW.port2},[vwoChannelToW.port1, vwoChannelFW.port2]);if(!window._vwo_mt_f)return window._vwo_wt_f=true;_vwo_code.addScript({text:window._vwo_mt_f});delete window._vwo_mt_f}else{if(gcpfb(a,loadWorker,xhr.status)){return;}_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a)}}, onerrorCb: function(a){if(gcpfb(a,loadWorker)){return;}window._vwo_wt_l=true;_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a);}})};loadWorker("https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/cdn/edrv/worker-d419bc377fe3a434ab70298519802746br.js");;var _vis_opt_file;var _vis_opt_lib;if(window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.previewExtraSettings!=undefined&&window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.previewExtraSettings.isSurveyPreviewMode){var surveyHash=window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.plugins.LIBINFO.SURVEY.HASH;var param1="evad.js?va=";var param2="&d=debugger_new";var param3="&sp=1&sh="+surveyHash;_vis_opt_file=vwoCode.use_existing_jquery&&typeof vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()?param1+"vanj"+param2:param1+"va_gq"+param2:param1+"edrv/va_gq-ce072a2e52d5573943e4cfd5d55542c7br.js"+param2;_vis_opt_file=_vis_opt_file+param3;_vis_opt_lib="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/"+_vis_opt_file}else if(window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.mode!=undefined&&window.VWO._.allSettings.dataStore.mode=="PREVIEW"){var path1="evad.js?va=";var path2="&d=debugger_new&h=-e12551e77871cecbbb95775c34a3ec4c";_vis_opt_file=vwoCode.use_existing_jquery&&typeof vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()?path1+"vanj"+path2:path1+"va_gq"+path2:path1+"edrv/va_gq-ce072a2e52d5573943e4cfd5d55542c7br.js"+path2;_vis_opt_lib="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/"+_vis_opt_file}else{_vis_opt_file=vwoCode.use_existing_jquery&&typeof vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.use_existing_jquery()?"edrv/vanj-b6b647cbc042cba4952888629f680de4br.js":"edrv/va_gq-ce072a2e52d5573943e4cfd5d55542c7br.js":"edrv/va_gq-ce072a2e52d5573943e4cfd5d55542c7br.js"}window._vwo_library_timer=setTimeout((function(){vwoCode.removeLoaderAndOverlay&&vwoCode.removeLoaderAndOverlay();vwoCode.finish()}),vwoCode.library_tolerance&&typeof vwoCode.library_tolerance()!=="undefined"?vwoCode.library_tolerance():2500),_vis_opt_lib=typeof _vis_opt_lib=="undefined"?window._vwo_cdn+_vis_opt_file:_vis_opt_lib;var loadLib=function(url){_vwo_code.load(url, {dSC: true, onloadCb:function(xhr,a){window._vwo_mt_l=true;if(xhr.status===200 || xhr.status===304){if(!window._vwo_wt_f)return window._vwo_mt_f=xhr.responseText;_vwo_code.addScript({text:xhr.responseText});delete window._vwo_wt_f;}else{if(gcpfb(a,loadLib,xhr.status)){return;}_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a);}}, onerrorCb: function(a){if(gcpfb(a,loadLib)){return;}window._vwo_mt_l=true;_vwo_code.finish("&e=loading_failure:"+a);}})};loadLib(_vis_opt_lib);VWO.load_co=function(u,opts){return window._vwo_code.load(u,opts);};;;}}catch(e){_vwo_code.finish();_vwo_code.removeLoaderAndOverlay&&_vwo_code.removeLoaderAndOverlay();_vwo_err(e);window.VWO.caE=1}})();
Economic growth of poor nations affected by climate change

Economic growth of the poorest nations affected by climate change

A recent study by Professor Richard Tol, Professor of Economics at the University of Sussex and Dr Marco Letta uncovers the impact climate change has on the productivity of developing countries, which will slow their economic growth.

The research, published in Environmental and Resource Economics, warns that the world’s 100 poorest countries will be 5% worse off by the end of 2099 than they would have been without climate change. This will eliminate trillions of dollars from the global economy every year.

Professor Tol believes that the research displays how more work needs to be done to marry policies that aim to tackle climate change, and aim to alleviate poverty, to better combat the effect they have on one another.

He said: “Our analysis suggests that weather shocks affect economic growth through a reduction in productivity only when coupled with poverty; it doesn’t show that climate change will harm all future economic growth by affecting technological progress, as hypothesised in some literature. Given the importance of total productivity growth for long-run development, our paper raises concerns over the inequality of future climate impacts, and calls for policy makers to consider poverty reduction as a crucial element of climate policy in future.”

Read the full article here.

BACK TO ALL News